Automated closed-loop resuscitation of multiple hemorrhages: a comparison between fuzzy logic and decision table controllers in a sheep model

Table 1 Oxygen delivery (DO₂), lactate and hemoglobin levels at the beginning of the protocol (T0), 30 (T30), 60 (T60) and 90 (T90) min

	Group	T0	T30	T60	T90
pH	FL	7.5 ± 0.1	7.5 ± 0.1	7.4 ± 0.1	7.5 ± 0.0
pH	DT	7.5 ± 0.1	7.4 ± 0.1	7.4 ± 0.0	7.4 ± 0.0
pO₂ (mmHg)	FL	84 ± 6	94 ± 9	100 ± 22	104 ± 8
pO₂ (mmHg)	DT	76 ± 9	79 ± 14	87 ± 20	87 ± 7
pCO₂ (mmHg)	FL	35 ± 7	32 ± 10	35 ± 6	36 ± 9
pCO₂ (mmHg)	DT	31 ± 5	27 ± 5	25 ± 2	26 ± 1
Base excess (mmol/l)	FL	7.0 ± 2.4	−0.5 ± 3.1	−1.0 ± 1.5	1.2 ± 1.7
Base excess (mmol/l)	DT	1.0 ± 3.2*	−6.8 ± 2.6*	−9.8 ± 3.3*	−9.4 ± 3.1*
DO₂ (ml/min)	FL	410 ± 106	175 ± 38	198 ± 23	229 ± 74
DO₂ (ml/min)	DT	468 ± 60	166 ± 44	227 ± 37	245 ± 55
Lactate (mmol/l)	FL	0.9 ± 0.3	5.2 ± 2.5	5.0 ± 2.5	5.3 ± 2.8
Lactate (mmol/l)	DT	1.2 ± 0.6	9.6 ± 0.6*	11.0 ± 1.6*	11.5 ± 1.8*
Hemoglobin (g/dl)	FL	7.9 ± 1.2	6.5 ± 1.3	5.6 ± 1.4	4.8 ± 0.5
Hemoglobin (g/dl)	DT	9.8 ± 0.8*	7.9 ± 0.5	6.0 ± 0.9	5.3 ± 1.0

Data is presented as mean ± standard deviation
pO ₂ Partial pressure of oxygen, pCO ₂ partial pressure of carbon dioxide, DO ₂ oxygen delivery, FL fuzzy logic group, DT decision table group
* p < 0.05

ISSN: 2054-314X